United States, jocular school paddle issued as advertising novelty by school furniture company, possibly c.1960

UK: Wildman, Eric, campaigner for corporal punishment and retailer of canes, shown displaying his wares, 1947

1. Distract your friends by saying there’s a UFO outside

United Kingdom: TV news item about the European Court of Human Rights ruling in the Scottish tawse case (1982). The image (fig. 3) seems harmless enough: it is a sketch of the fūzoku (customs) that separated Taiwan’s population into several status groups and it emphasizes distinctive modes of dress, hairstyles, and comportment for each. But the painting also indulged in an old Qing-period convention, which was to portray Taiwan’s indigenous males as bestial savages by attaching fur or hair to their bodies. Singapore: discipline committee on patrol in vicinity of boys' secondary school at which bullies get the cane, 2003

Indonesia (Aceh): road sign warning transgressors against Islamic law that they will be caned, c.2007 United States: A follow-up report (Dec 2008) on the above. Two coaches are fired for illegal paddling in Chicago schools. Canada, "the machine" into which prisoners were secured for paddling in Ontario provincial institutions, 1950s (artist's impression in colour) Botswana: Tebogo Malete, 27, receiving five strokes of the cane on his bare seat at traditional court, for housebreaking, 2005Two rival TV news items (2007) on carpenter Joey Salvati of Pennsylvania, who, in obedience to a message from God, makes paddles and sends them free to parents who wish to discipline their kids. United States (probably): man paddles small boy, jocular posed picture artificially coloured, possibly c.1900 SikHanyiso, Princess, 17, daughter of Swazi king, whipped by palace official, pictured in traditional garb for annual ceremonial dance of "maidens", Swaziland, 2005 South Korea: trousers-down caning for two soldiers, possibly real but could be a scene from a fictional film

Malaysia: Phua Seng Tiong, award-winning school principal, advocates caning but says the student must agree to it, 2006 South Africa: photo showing student in school uniform bending over for the cane, pre-1996, presumably posed but positioning is authentic Kenya: Kasolya, Nicholas Kaloki, teacher leading campaign to restore CP in schools, pictured with cane, 2006 Fig. 5. Based on: George Henry Mason, The Punishments of China: Illustrated by Twenty-Two Engravings with Explanations in English and French (London: Printed for William Mille, by W. Bulmer, 1801), plate III “A Culprit Conducted to Trial” (left) and plate XIX, “Conducting a Prisoner into Banishment.” Malaysia: secondary student receiving the cane in school office while another awaits his turn, 2003 (might be posed, but quite possibly real) (for the real thing captured on film, see video clips)This 10-second video clip gives a fleeting glimpse of an impromptu flogging by the Taliban of a (mostly hidden from view) woman in a Kabul street, 2001. USA: Fiedler, Bobbi, Member of Los Angeles School Board, "takes paddling" for press publicity stunt on reintroduction of school CP, 1980 A Texas high-school principal is suspended over allegations that he paddled a student too hard. Bruises are seen. Caron, Roger, 17, one month after receiving ten-stroke strapping across his bare posterior in Canadian prison, 1955

I suspect that the old drawings in figure 25 replaced the flogging and collaring photographs from figure 15 (1919) because by 1935 few could believe that judicial punishments enacted on the bodies of Korean men, as recorded by modern photography, were anything but Japanese customary practices. VIII. The Death SentenceNamibia (or possibly Tanzania), when they were both part of German Africa: judicial pants-down strapping in progress, c.1910 UK: Copping, Robert, young headmaster of "progressive" school who laid a trap into which Eric A. Wildman (q.v.) fell, 1948 Two TV news films giving rival CBS and ABC takes on a 2007 bill (which failed) in Massachusetts that would have outlawed parental corporal punishment in the home. Parents are briefly seen spanking their bratty toddlers. Germany: drawing of schoolboys taking revenge with birches on their master on one day a year when tables were turned by tradition, 1867 Indonesia (Aceh): one of two men receiving the first caning for homosexuality, in front of huge crowd, 2017