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Clauson KA, Shields KM, McQueen CE, Persad N (2008). "Safety issues associated with commercially available energy drinks". J Am Pharm Assoc (2003). 48 (3): e55–63, quiz e64–7. doi: 10.1331/JAPhA.2008.07055. PMID 18595815.
Energy drinks such as Red Bull are often used as mixers with alcoholic drinks, producing mixed drinks such as Vodka Red Bull which are similar to but stronger than rum and coke with respect to the amount of caffeine that they contain. [41] Sometimes this is configured as a bomb shot, such as the Jägerbomb or the F-Bomb— Fireball Cinnamon Whisky and Red Bull. [42]
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Robichaud, Andrew (19 May 2017). "Red Bull announces League of Legends team – TSN.ca". TSN. Archived from the original on 29 September 2021 . Retrieved 22 September 2021. DeVito, Lee (6 August 2014). "Meet the creative minds behind the Red Bull House of Art's Cycle 8". Detroit Metro Times. Archived from the original on 14 August 2021 . Retrieved 15 September 2021.
Ashton, Graham (28 July 2017). "OG Officially Partner with Red Bull, Unveils New Team Logo – ARCHIVE – The Esports Observer". The Esports Observer. Archived from the original on 29 September 2021 . Retrieved 22 September 2021. Red Bull owns football teams, with clubs in Austria, [105] Germany, [106] the United States, [106] and Brazil [107] featuring the Red Bull trademark in their names. By associating the drink's image with these activities, the company seeks to promote a "cool" public image and raise brand power. The energy drink has created a market for over 150 related types of products. [108] An energy drink is a type of drink containing stimulant compounds, usually caffeine, which is marketed as providing mental and physical stimulation (marketed as "energy", but distinct from food energy). They may or may not be carbonated and may also contain sugar, other sweeteners, or herbal extracts, among numerous possible ingredients.
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Red Bull Advanced Technologies announces the RB17". Red Bull. 28 June 2022 . Retrieved 28 June 2022. Claims about the drink's effects and performance have been challenged on various occasions, with the UK's Advertising Standards Authority imposing advertising restrictions in 2001 in response to complaints recorded as early as 1997. [38] The French food safety agency was concerned about taurine; a Red Bull drink that did not contain taurine was introduced. The French refusal of market approval was challenged by the European Commission, and partially upheld by the European Court of Justice in 2004. [71] The French food safety agency relented in 2008, because it was unable to prove a definite health risk, taurine-related or not. [74] Litigation [ edit ] Advancing our health: prevention in the 2020s – consultation document". GOV.UK . Retrieved 19 April 2022.
Red Bull pursues Redwell brewery in Norwich over name". BBC News. 14 August 2013. Archived from the original on 4 January 2014 . Retrieved 13 November 2013. Red Bull Wake of Steel 2016". Wakeboarding Magazine. Archived from the original on 4 July 2016 . Retrieved 8 March 2017. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) concluded that exposure to taurine and glucuronolactone at the levels presently used in energy drinks is not a safety concern. [49] In a separate analysis, they also concluded that there is insufficient evidence to support a number of commercial health claims about taurine. [50] A review published in 2008 found no documented reports of negative or positive health effects associated with the amount of taurine used in energy drinks, including Red Bull. [51] Caffeine content [ edit ] The large amount of caffeine in energy drinks provides the consumer with the desirable effects of improved memory, increased alertness and elevated mood. The most widely cited study is the one conducted by Alford et al. ( 37) They examined the effects of a market leader energy drink on 36 individuals. Assessments included psychomotor performance (reaction time, concentration and memory), subjective alertness and physical endurance. They showed that the studied energy drink significantly enhanced aerobic endurance (maintaining 65–75% max. heart rate) and aerobic performance (maintaining max. speed) on cycle ergometers. Mental performance included choice reaction, concentration and memory also improved significantly, which indicated increased subjective alertness. ( 37) Another study showed that the same brand energy drink significantly increases the upper body muscle endurance during repeated ‘Wingate cycle performance’ in young physically active subjects. However, no change was documented on anaerobic peak or average power. ( 38) Hoffman et al also demonstrated that energy drinks caused a significant increase in reaction performance during exercise, but with no effect on anaerobic power performance. ( 39) Likewise, Ivy et al in a double-blinded, randomized, crossover study examined the effects of pre-exercise consumption of energy drinks on 12 professional cyclists from both genders. The results showed significant improvement in endurance performance with no change in perceived exertion in the energy drink group compared to the placebo group. ( 40)
Tasty, energising and full of supplemental ingredients, the best energy drinks will quench your thirst while giving you an all-round boost
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Energy drinks usually contain large amounts of sugar ranging from 21 g to 34 g per oz. The sugar content is mainly in the form of sucrose, glucose or high fructose corn syrup. Therefore, high energy drink intake may increase the risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes. ( 14) In addition, the high sugar content in energy drinks may reduce the activity, diversity and gene expression of intestinal bacteria resulting in increased risk of obesity and the metabolic syndrome. ( 22) Acute caffeine intake decreases insulin sensitivity, ( 23) which could explain the rise in blood glucose levels after energy drink consumption documented in some studies. ( 24) Beaudoin et al. demonstrated that caffeine intake reduces insulin sensitivity in a dose dependent manner, with 5.8% increase in insulin for each mg/kg increase in caffeine. ( 25)
Red Bull the company – Who makes Red Bull?". Energydrink.redbull.com. Archived from the original on 13 October 2017 . Retrieved 13 November 2013.
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