In Scotland there are eight Criminal Justice Authorities (CJAs) established in 2007 by the Scottish Government as devolved public bodies to drive the national strategy for the management of offenders and oversee the Criminal Justice social work services. The CJAs work with the Scottish Prison Service, the police, NHS, local authority Criminal Justice Social work services and the voluntary sector.

Most prison officers are members of the Prison Officers Association (POA), or the Scottish Prison Officers Association, which are active in the field of health and safety and will often refer issues to local inspectors. HSE has met the trade union side of the Prison Service Health and Safety Committee, including support staff unions, on several occasions. The Attending Authorities are the local Fire & Rescue Authorities who send appliances and crews to a fire incident within a prison. Compliance with the legislative requirements regarding the safety of firefighters is achieved through the SPS Fire Risk Assessment process, liaison with the Fire & Rescue Authorities and CIFRA.refugee status’ is the recognition by the UK, following consideration of a claim for asylum, that a person meets the criteria in paragraph 334 of the Immigration Rules.

You may also need to consider and set out arguments to enable a refugee to be refouled, under Article 33(2), in cases where an Immigration Judge may potentially disagree that Article 1F applies and instead find that they are a Convention refugee. See Article 33(2) of the Refugee Convention and Immigration Rule 334 (iii) and (iv) and 334A (iii) and (iv). The defence of duress only applies if the incriminating act committed by the individual resulted from a threat of imminent death or serious bodily harm against that individual or someone else, and the individual acted necessarily and reasonably to avoid this threat, provided that they did not knowingly intend to cause a greater harm than the one to be avoided. It is Home Office policy that where exclusion from the Refugee Convention is relevant to a case it must be applied. The fact that a claimant is associated with conduct within the scope of Article 1F, is under criminal investigation, or has been convicted, either in their country of origin or in a host country, does not mean that the exclusion clauses will automatically apply. The facts must be considered against the stringent tests set out in Article 1F. Before undertaking an interview in a case where exclusion issues may arise, you must refer to the detailed guidance in the following sections of this instruction and the guidance on asylum interviews: Unions or employee representatives, for both prison officers and other members of staff, should be made aware of the proposed visit and given the opportunity to make representations in the usual way.There have been inspectors of Prisons for many years. However the current HM Inspectorate of Prisons (HMIP) was set up in the early 1980's under the Prison Act in response to a committee of inquiry into the UK prison services (the May Committee). In England and Wales, HM inspectors of prisons report to the Home Secretary, and in Scotland to the Scottish Government Cabinet Secretary for Justice. Their terms of reference are to inspect and report on prison service establishments, in particular on conditions in those establishments, the treatment of prisoners and the facilities available to them, and other such matters as the Secretaries of State may direct. This is done by periodic inspections of individual establishments and the investigation of particular incidents or situations, the findings being published in reports. They are also expected to submit annual reports before their respective Parliaments. They do not have specific enforcement powers under the Prison Acts. Each DOM is accountable for all probation and prison delivery working with individual private and public prisons and reports performance to NOMS Board through Chief Operating Officer. Residual vs. fitted values plot: This plot is useful for confirming homoscedasticity. The x-axis displays the fitted values and the y-axis displays the residuals. As long as the residuals appear to be randomly and evenly distributed throughout the chart around the value zero, we can assume that homoscedasticity is not violated: #define residuals Furthermore, the intention to cause a particular consequence is proved where they engage in a particular form of conduct, mean to engage in that conduct and are aware that the consequence will occur in the ordinary course of events. has committed a serious non-political crime outside the country of refuge prior to admission to that country as a refugee

The SPS is headed by its Chief Executive who reports to Scottish Ministers and Scottish Government for the Scottish prison system. He is supported by the Prison Board consisting of 5 directors and 5 non executive directors. This last point was clarified by the UK Supreme Court in JS (Sri Lanka) v SSHD [2010] UKSC 15. It said that the exclusion clauses of the Refugee Convention will apply if there are serious reasons for considering that the individual had voluntarily contributed in a significant way to the organisation’s ability to pursue its purpose of committing war crimes, aware that their assistance will in fact further that purpose. If the person was aware that in the ordinary course of events a particular consequence would follow from their actions, they would be taken to have acted with both knowledge and intent. Prison management is formally structured. In England and Wales, standards and specifications for prison and probation service are delivered through ten regional Directors of Offender Management (DOMS) covering nine regions in England and Wales (see annex 1). This guidance tells you how to consider whether an individual should be excluded from the protection of the Refugee Convention under Article 1(F) or whether the bar on refoulement may be disapplied under Article 33(2) of the Refugee Convention.The requirements are cumulative, all require to be satisfied.’ AB Iran informs also on 2 key points: F-statistic & p-value: The F-statistic ( 63.91) and the corresponding p-value ( 2.253e-06) tell us the overall significance of the regression model, i.e. whether explanatory variables in the model are useful for explaining the variation in the response variable. Since the p-value in this example is less than .05, our model is statistically significant and hours is deemed to be useful for explaining the variation in score. The residuals stray from the 45-degree line a bit, but not enough to cause serious concern. We can assume that the normality assumption is met.