Defense of Saudi Arabian country for the period 2 August 1990, through 16 January 1991 [ citation needed]

International, Radio Canada (6 November 2015). "History: November 6, 1991 Canadians cap the last oil fire in the Gulf War". RCI | English . Retrieved 25 March 2021. La Armada Argentina en el Golfo". Fuerzas Navales Magazine. Archived from the original on 24 June 2018 . Retrieved 14 January 2020. Summerview is only mentioned in the Bargetown Radio. Big Bad Bradley states that Summerview is where much of the radio's music comes from. Summerview also produces fish rations for the Gold Leaf Army. Among many other means of influencing US opinion, such as distributing books on Iraqi atrocities to US soldiers deployed in the region, "Free Kuwait" T-shirts and speakers to college campuses, and dozens of video news releases to television stations, the firm arranged for an appearance before a group of members of the US Congress in which a young woman identifying herself as a nurse working in the Kuwait City hospital described Iraqi soldiers pulling babies out of incubators and letting them die on the floor. [120]And the final point that I think needs to be made is this question of casualties. I don't think you could have done all of that without significant additional US casualties, and while everybody was tremendously impressed with the low cost of the (1991) conflict, for the 146 Americans who were killed in action and for their families, it wasn't a cheap war. Yann Le Troquer; Rozenn Hommery al-Oudat (Spring 1999). "From Kuwait to Jordan: The Palestinians' Third Exodus". Journal of Palestine Studies. 28 (3): 37–51. doi: 10.2307/2538306. JSTOR 2538306. Operation Desert Shield was the US operational name for the US buildup of forces and Saudi Arabia's defense from 2 August 1990, to 16 January 1991 [ citation needed] Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 December 2016. Retrieved 28 October 2017. See Paul Lewis, "Confrontation in the Gulf: The U.N.; France and 3 Arab States Issue an Appeal to Hussein," New York Times, 15 January 1991, p. A12

A presidential commission concluded in 2005 that US intelligence on Iraqi WMD was completely flawed, and “not one bit” of evidence was there. The testimony and accounts of defectors and members of the Iraqi National Congress were ultimately found to be unsubstantiated accounts. Former Iraqi President Saddam Hussein speaks during his trial at the fortified Green Zone in Baghdad on May 31, 2006 [File: Erik De Castro/EPA] Transitional phase The first prime minister, Nouri al-Maliki, who dominated Iraqi politics for years, had close ties to Tehran and links to armed militias. His government was in power during an era of sectarian and authoritarian policies. On 13 September, Kwasi Kwarteng released his statement. He noted that during the European debt crisis the United Kingdom had the worst deficit of all the G20 nations, standing at 11% at the onset of the 2007–2008 global financial crisis, and that government spending had increased by 11.3% from 2000 to 2010, from 36.8% to 47.1%. Kwarteng praised the Cameron–Clegg coalition for its economic policies, and called for a major decrease in government spending. He also called for inspiration to be taken from Switzerland's economic amendments for a balanced budget from 2001, saying that the amendments had helped that country after it had suffered a decade of increasing debt and deficits. [3] Before the invasion, the Kuwaiti military was believed to have numbered 16,000 men, arranged into three armored, one mechanized infantry and one under-strength artillery brigade. [63] The pre-war strength of the Kuwait Air Force was around 2,200 Kuwaiti personnel, with 80 fixed-wing aircraft and 40 helicopters. [63] In spite of Iraqi saber rattling, Kuwait did not mobilize its force; the army had been stood-down on 19 July, [64] and during the Iraqi invasion many Kuwaiti military personnel were on leave. [ citation needed]

See also: Task Force 1-41 Infantry Iraqi tanks destroyed by Task Force 1-41 Infantry, February 1991 Operation Desert Shield" redirects here. For the 2006 operation by the Iraqi insurgency, see Operation Desert Shield (Iraq). American F-15Es parked in Saudi Arabia during Operation Desert Shield On 12 August 1990, Saddam "propose[d] that all cases of occupation, and those cases that have been portrayed as occupation, in the region, be resolved simultaneously". Specifically, he called for Israel to withdraw from occupied territories in Palestine, Syria, and Lebanon, Syria to withdraw from Lebanon, and "mutual withdrawals by Iraq and Iran and arrangement for the situation in Kuwait." He also called for a replacement of US troops that mobilized in Saudi Arabia in response to Kuwait's invasion with "an Arab force", as long as that force did not involve Egypt. Additionally, he requested an "immediate freeze of all boycott and siege decisions" and a general normalization of relations with Iraq. [88] From the beginning of the crisis, President Bush was strongly opposed to any "linkage" between Iraq's occupation of Kuwait and the Palestinian issue. [89] See also: Battle of Al Busayyah, Battle of Phase Line Bullet, Battle of 73 Easting, Battle of Norfolk, Battle of Medina Ridge, Battle of Kuwait International Airport, and Battle of Rumaila M109 howitzers belonging to 4th Battalion of the 3rd Field Artillery Regiment, 2nd Armored Division (FWD) conducts artillery strikes on Iraqi positions during the 1st Gulf War. 4-3 FA was the primary fire support battalion for Task Force 1–41 during the 1st Gulf War, February 1991. Walker, Paul; Stambler, Eric (1991). "... and the dirty little weapons". Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. Vol.47, no.4. Archived from the original on 3 February 2007 . Retrieved 30 June 2010.

Jayhawk Goes to War: VII Corps in Operation DESERT STORM – The Campaign for the National Museum of the United States Army". Armyhistory.org . Retrieved 20 November 2021. Lori Robertson (2007). "Images of War". AJR. Archived from the original on 24 July 2013 . Retrieved 20 July 2007. How PR Sold the War in the Persian Gulf | Center for Media and Democracy". Prwatch.org. 28 October 2004 . Retrieved 1 February 2011. Memória Globo". Archived from the original on 25 July 2011 . Retrieved 26 March 2017. , access on 29 March 2011. Washingtonpost.com: Fog of War – Post Archive". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286 . Retrieved 25 March 2021.According to the Project on Defense Alternatives study, between 20,000 and 26,000 Iraqi military personnel were killed in the conflict while 75,000 others were wounded. [256] The US Department of Defense reports that US forces suffered 148 battle-related deaths (35 to friendly fire [280]), with one pilot listed as MIA (his remains were found and identified in August 2009). A further 145 Americans died in non-combat accidents. [267] The UK suffered 47 deaths (nine to friendly fire, all by US forces), France nine, [267] and the other countries, not including Kuwait, suffered 37 deaths (18 Saudis, one Egyptian, six UAE and three Qataris). [267] At least 605 Kuwaiti soldiers were still missing 10 years after their capture. [281] a b Logan Nye (16 April 2021). "These were the 6 most massive tank battles in US history". We Are The Mighty . Retrieved 20 November 2021. Once persuaded, US officials insisted on a total Iraqi pullout from Kuwait, without any linkage to other Middle Eastern problems, accepting the British view that any concessions would strengthen Iraqi influence in the region for years to come. [87] Most of the coalition states used various names for their operations and the war's operational phases. These are sometimes incorrectly used as the conflict's overall name, especially the US Desert Storm: