Wosk, Julie (2015). My Fair Ladies: Female Robots, Androids, and Other Artificial Eves. ISBN 9780813563374.

So what condition was this cab in? Well in 1980, Defender was hot stuff, but by 81 or 82, players were looking for a new thrill and rather than throw out a perfectly good cabinet and monitor, the practice was to convert the cab to run another game. Many of these games did not stand the test of time and are not considered the masterpieces that Defender is. Ultimately most of these cabs were converted to “Jamma”. Jamma in an industry standard that lets you plug in and swap game PCBs easily without having to modify the control panel, power supply and wiring. Sadly in meant the original control panels, electronics and marquees were often junked. This is the condition that my new Defender cab was in. Defender, converted to Jamma. two wheels driven from the same axle. Whether this robot would actually walk or just wobble from side to side A 13th Century Programmable Robot". shef.ac.uk. University of Sheffield. Archived from the original on June 29, 2007.Wiring, completely gone. It had been mangled and cut up to such an extent that virtually nothing but a couple of connectors remained of the original. La Poupée sanglante: from Gaston Leroux — yes, the guy that wrote The Phantom of the Opera wrote a novel about a man wrongly convicted and guillotined for murder; his head is attached to a robot and he seeks vengeance against those who wronged him. STEAMPUNK CYBORG VENGEANCE. The mainspring inside the white case stores up the energy. You can just see the dark, sinister shadow of the Markowitz, Judith (2014). Robots that Talk and Listen: Technology and Social Impact. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p.33. ISBN 9781614516033.

Shirbon, Estelle (August 14, 2009). "Da Vinci's lion prowls again after 500 years". Reuters . Retrieved April 12, 2019. Winter-Jensen, Anne (1987). Automates & musiques: pendules. Genève: Musée de l'horlogerie et de l'émaillerie. ISBN 9782830600476. and then, taking off the gears and another plastic layer, the mainspring underneath (right). This is what the spring looks like when it's totally wound down. When it's wound up tightly, it fits entirely inside the white box. It's quite hard to squeeze sturdy metal into such a small space—and that's why it can store energy so effectively: the harder you have to work to compress a Wujastyk, Dominik (2003). The Roots of Ayurveda: Selections from Sanskrit Medical Writings. Penguin. p.222. ISBN 9780140448245.Mechanical calculators, used before electronic computers were developed around World War II. Among the most complex were Babbage's difference and analytical engines, which were mechanical versions of computers.

Bellicorum Instrumentorum Liber | The Faith of a Heretic". www.krauselabs.net. 5 November 2015 . Retrieved 23 November 2016. In 1801, Joseph Jacquard built his loom automaton that was controlled autonomously with punched cards. Mahoney, Michael S. "The Structures of Computation and the Mathematical Structure of Nature". The Rutherford Journal . Retrieved 7 June 2020. The gears inside the case take power from the spring and drive the single crank on the outside of the case atContemporary automata continue this tradition with an emphasis on art, rather than technological sophistication. Contemporary automata are represented by the works of Cabaret Mechanical Theatre in the United Kingdom, Thomas Kuntz, [60] Arthur Ganson, Joe Jones and Le Défenseur du Temps by French artist Jacques Monestier.

It might not sound that complicated, but Apte said variations in the steepness of people’s nails — combined with the changing viscosity of nail polish, depending on how it’s applied — make it a challenging endeavor for a robot.

Cams and cranks

Webb, Graham (1984). The musical box handbook (2nded.). Vestal, NY: Vestal Press. ISBN 9780911572360. a b c d Randi, James (1992). Conjuring. New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-08634-2. OCLC 26162991. The Antikythera mechanism from 150 to 100 BC was designed to calculate the positions of astronomical objects. Moran, M. E. (December 2006). "The da Vinci robot". J. Endourol. 20 (12): 986–90. doi: 10.1089/end.2006.20.986. PMID 17206888. ... the date of the design and possible construction of this robot was 1495 ... Beginning in the 1950s, investigators at the University of California began to ponder the significance of some of da Vinci's markings on what appeared to be technical drawings ... It is now known that da Vinci's robot would have had the outer appearance of a Germanic knight.