Urinary system is a body drainage system comprised of the group of organs that produce and excrete urine. It consists of the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra. Beyond these similarities, however, lie some profound differences. Among the mammals, only humans have a predominantly two-legged ( bipedal) posture, a fact that has greatly modified the general mammalian body plan. (Even the kangaroo, which hops on two legs when moving rapidly, walks on four legs and uses its tail as a “third leg” when standing.) Moreover, the human brain, particularly the neocortex, is far and away the most highly developed in the animal kingdom. As intelligent as are many other mammals—such as chimpanzees and dolphins—none have achieved the intellectual status of the human species. Chemical composition of the body

The ancient Greek sculptor Polykleitos (c.450–420 BCE), known for his ideally proportioned bronze Doryphoros, wrote an influential Canon (now lost) describing the proportions to be followed in sculpture. [18] The Canon applies the basic mathematical concepts of Greek geometry, such as the ratio, proportion, and symmetria (Greek for "harmonious proportions") creating a system capable of describing the human form through a series of continuous geometric progressions. [19] Polykleitos may have used the distal phalanx of the little finger as the basic module for determining the proportions of the human body, scaling this length up repeatedly by √ 2 to obtain the ideal size of the other phalanges, the hand, forearm, and upper arm in turn. [20] Tobin, Richard (October 1975). "The Canon of Polykleitos". American Journal of Archaeology. 79 (4): 307–321. doi: 10.2307/503064. JSTOR 503064. S2CID 191362470. Bernstein, Stephen A.; Lo, Michael; Davis, W. Sumner (1 March 2017). "Proposing Using Waist-to-Height Ratio as the Initial Metric for Body Fat Assessment Standards in the U.S. Army". Military Medicine. 182 . Retrieved 10 September 2020. The list of human body parts vary as the standard definition of an organ is still up for debate. However, there are an estimated 79 organs identified to date. We also possess organs that have “lost” their function throughout our evolution. Such organs are called vestigial organs. Gottfried Bammes: Studien zur Gestalt des Menschen. Verlag Otto Maier GmbH, Ravensburg 1990, ISBN 3-473-48341-9.My Scenes allows you to load and save scenes you have created. All annotations, pins and visible items will be saved. The innervation for the serratus anterior is very easy to remember if you just know the right mnemonics! ' SALT' stands for ' Serratus Anterior = Long Thoracic' and will help you remember the name of the nerve, while knowing ' C5, 6, 7 raise your arms to heaven!' means you'll never forget the nerve roots associated with it! Longissimus capitis - originates from the transverse processes of vertebrae C4-T5 and inserts onto the mastoid process of the temporal bone.

Lumbar part - originates from the bodies of vertebrae L1-L3 and intervertebral discs, the anterior longitudinal ligament and the arcuate ligaments (medial, lateral). The human reproductive system is also known as the genital system that comprises internal and external organs that help in reproduction. It varies for both males and females. Hormones, fluids, and pheromones are all connective accessories for the reproductive organs to function. Female Reproductive System The pelvis (or hip bone) is made up of three regions that have fused to form two coxal bones. They are the ilium, ischium, and pubis.The skeleton also protects several vital organs such as the heart, lungs and the liver. Bones are attached to other bones through ligaments, a fibrous connective tissue.

The parietal lobe: Situated in the middle of the brain, the parietal lobe supports the identification of objects and spatial reasoning. It also plays a role in interpreting pain and touch signals. Mons pubis: The mons pubis is the rounded, fleshy area on the front of the pelvic bone (the lower belly area) where pubic hair usually grows. Ascending part - originates from the spinous processes of vertebrae T5-T12 (or T2-T12). It inserts into the medial end of the spine of the scapula. The ascending part supports and moves the scapula inferomedially. The heart has four chambers. The two upper chambers are called atria, and theThe somatic nervous system (SNS) and autonomic nervous system (ANS) are divisions of the peripheral nervous system, with information conveyed through the cranial and spinal nerves. Pneumothorax is the condition where air or gas can build up in the pleural space. It can occur without a known cause or as the result of a lung disease or acute lung injury. [9] The size of the pneumothorax changes as air or gas builds up, so a medical procedure can release the pressure with a needle. If it is untreated, blood flow can be interrupted and cause a drop in blood pressure known as tension pneumothorax. It is possible for smaller cases to clear up on their own. Symptoms of this condition are often felt only on one side of the lung or as a shortness of breath. Some teachers deprecate mechanistic measurements and strongly advise the artist to learn to estimate proportion by eye alone. [5] Bursae are fluid filled sacs lined with a synovial membrane which produce synovial fluid. Bursae are often found near joints. Their function is to lessen the friction between tendon and bone, ligament and bone, tendons and ligaments, and between muscles. There are as many as 20 bursae around the hip. Inflammation or infection of the bursa called bursitis. A serous membrane lines the cavities of the body that do not open to the external environment. Serous fluid secreted by the cells of the epithelium lubricates the membrane and reduces abrasion and friction between organs. Serous membranes are identified according to location. Three serous membranes are found lining the thoracic cavity; two membranes that cover the lungs (pleura) and one membrane that covers the heart (pericardium). A fourth serous membrane, the peritoneum, lines the peritoneal cavity, covering the abdominal organs and forming double sheets of mesenteries that suspend many of the digestive organs.