Kelly has retained counsel, the same lawyer who is representing Elijah McClain’s family in its ongoing suit against the city and city employees. The "Dragonfly" is a wonderfully simple, yet decorative arm- or leg-binder and is endlessly adjustable for every body. When it comes to the content in this category, you'll find everything from soft bondage scenes to full-on BDSM sessions. Many of the videos feature women being tied up and forced to endure a wide range of sexual activities, including anal sex, vaginal sex, and oral sex. Some videos even feature women being whipped or spanked while tied up. Ventilatory function was measured by FEV1 and FVC in nine studies, three of which applied weight to subjects. All experiments found statistically significant decreases in FEV1 and FVC. Despite the emergence of what authors considered to be a restrictive pattern, FEV1 and FVC remained within clinically normal range in all studies. Additionally, MVV was measured in five studies, also with statistically but not clinically relevant changes.

The "Pentagram" or "Star Harness" has long been one the most requested decorative harness tutorials. Tied here using a 40ft length of 6mm rope Additionally, several case reports have been published over the years implicating the “hobble” restraint as a cause of death in restrained individuals. 4, 5, 6, 7 All of the authors of these reports postulated that positional asphyxia in some way played a role in the death of these individuals. It is notable however that the vast majority of these subjects were either agitated, violent, or under the influence of alcohol, cocaine, or other substances. Without sufficient data to support restraint as a primary cause of death, many investigators were concerned about these confounding factors playing a role. They argued that restraint alone may not be sufficient to cause death and it is instead factors such as delirium, agitation, fatigue, drugs, and alcohol that lead to compromise. In the time since, efforts have been made to grow the database, expanding our clinical knowledge of the physiologic effects of restraint on the human body. A comprehensive list of published prospective research is included in Table 1 Measured pulmonary parameters in sitting, prone, supine, and restraint positions before and after exercise. NBC News and The Marshall Project reviewed use-of-force data from the Aurora Police Department obtained via a state open records request and found the agency used the hobble on roughly 350 people over the past five years. Subjects were exercised on a bicycle before parameters were measured during recovery in the restraint position. There were statistical changes in O2 sat but thought to be very small and likely not clinically relevant*.Body camera footage shows that they carried her out by her arms and shoulders and put her in a police vehicle and then on the front lawn. They eventually removed the restraints and took her to jail. An officer said in the police report that he heard a "pop" from Peoples' shoulder and that she was taken to the hospital. Peoples says her arm was dislocated.

One of the main benefits of the Hogtied category is that it provides a safe and consensual way to explore your kinks and fetishes. Watching other people engage in BDSM activities can be incredibly arousing, and this category allows you to do just that without having to engage in any real-life BDSM activities yourself.Taylor says creating federal best practices that agencies must follow would improve police interactions with the communities they serve. Research into the safety of positional restraint emerged in the early 1980s with the examination of “choke holds” leading to their banning by the majority of law enforcement. 1 , 2 Much of the research thereafter focused on the “hog-tie” or “hobble” restraint, also referred to as the prone maximal restraint position (PMRP). In this variation of restraint, the subject is placed in the prone position with arms handcuffed and ankles bound. The knees are then flexed, and the ankles secured to the handcuffs. It had been postulated that positional restraint could in some way affect an individual's ability to properly ventilate. Some have considered that such positioning could obstruct the upper airway or restrict the motion of the chest wall, diaphragm, or abdomen. This idea, coined “positional asphyxia” was first used by Bell et al. who examined 30 cases of asphyxia-related death in a nine-year period in Broward, FL. 3 Their study found that most often, the deceased individuals were found in positions that obstructed the upper airway. Of the thirty, four cases were reportedly found in positions that restricted chest and diaphragm movement, suggesting perhaps the cause of death could have been from hypoventilatory respiratory failure. No other significant contributors to death were found in these subjects. Vanessa Peoples poses for a portrait with her sons Tamaj (7), Mahjae (6) and Zamari (11 months) outside her home in Aurora, CO, May 13, 2021. Kevin Mohatt/NBC News Evaluation of the ventilatory Effects of the Prone Maximum Restraint (PMR) Position on Obese Human Subjects (2014)

Many positional restraint experiments exclusively include healthy subjects without preexisting health conditions. In 2004, Meredith et al. measured the effects of prone positioning on subjects with a history of COPD. 29 Interestingly, of the eight subjects that were recruited to the study, only five were able to tolerate the prone position. Three subjects could not tolerate the prone position for 10min and were removed from the study due to breathlessness, wheezing, and desaturation, respectively. Of the five that did complete the study, there were no significant changes in FVC or FEV1 noted in the prone position. Despite its small sample size, the study concluded that the response to restraint in COPD patients is highly individual and invited future research into subject.Systolic blood pressure was measured in five studies, of which four applied weight to subjects. No clinically significant effects on systolic blood pressure were found.